But a lot actually has changed in Iran. According to this Article he is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. Since the 1978-79 Iranian Revolution, there has been much analysis by political scientists and political leaders as to what makes up the Iranian political system. He hopes that his articles can encourage more people to gain knowledge about politics and understand the impact that public policy decisions have on their lives. [36] Article 150 says about Sepah that The Islamic Revolution Guards Corps, organized in the early days of the triumph of the Revolution, is to be maintained so that it may continue in its role of guarding the Revolution and its achievements. It is headed by the Head of the Judiciary. Its current chair is Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, who previously served as Iran’s President from 1989-1997 and as the chairman of the Iranian Parliament from 1980-1989. The Shah fled Iran in January 1979 after large strikes and demonstrations against him and his regime paralyzed the country. Before them, Boroujerdi considered as conservative Marja. Additionally, the Iranian Parliament is held in check by the Guardian Council, whose members examine all laws passed by Parliament to determine their compatibility with Islamic law. Brigadier General Hossein Ashtari is the current commander of this force. Iran country profile 24 September 2018 Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979, when the monarchy was overthrown and clerics assumed political … [19] This post is a life tenure post. Research Question. Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani is the chair of the Expediency Discernment Council. The former are grounded in the constitution and in governmental regulations and take the form of state institutions and offices. Politically, the Iran under Reza Shah was a dynastic monarchy rather than a republic, and a strong centralised government based upon a modern army and bureaucracy. Ali Khamenei has been the Supreme Leader of Iran since 1989 and is arguably the most powerful political figure in Iran today. The Guardian Council is the upper house, reviews legislation done by the Consultative Assembly with the intention of determining its compatibility with the principles of either Islam or the Constitution. [39], It is said that there are attempts to incorporate modern political and social concepts into Islamic canon since 1950. However we could observe the great influence of western culture in Iran after a coup d'état in 1953. 'the system') among its supporters)[1] is the ruling state and current political system in Iran, in power since the Islamic revolution and fall of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. ... Iran's Judicial System Struggles Between Modernization And Sharia. This post was established by Article 5 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran in accordance with the concept of the Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist. 3.the return to God in the Hereafter, and the constructive role of this belief in the course of man's ascent towards God; 5 • Reza shah paid lip service to Islam in the early years of his reign but within a few years He is the creator of OurPolitics.net, a scholarly resource exploring political trends, political theory, political economy, philosophy, and more. The Supreme Leader has the power to appoint and dismiss the leaders of the judiciary, the state radio and television networks, and the supreme commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. The judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran is an independent power, the protector of the rights of the individual and society, responsible for the implementation of justice, and entrusted with the following duties: 1.investigating and passing judgement on grievances, violations of rights, and complaints; the resolving of litigation; the settling of disputes; and the taking of all necessary decisions and measures in probate matters as the law may determine; 2.restoring public rights and promoting justice and legitimate freedoms; 3.supervising the proper enforcement of laws; 4.uncovering crimes; prosecuting, punishing, and chastising criminals; and enacting the penalties and provisions of the Islamic penal code; 5.taking suitable measures to prevent the occurrence of crime and to reform criminals. The current Iranian constitution was adopted on December 3, 1979, after a referendum in which 99.5% of the population voted in favor, and was ratified on July 28, 1982. Ourpolitics.net presents insight and analytical journalism about political trends and their impacts on our society. In this referendum, 99.5 present of Iranian voters approved the constitution. Some of the major issues are to the government in Islam, the need for the clergy’s independent financial organization, Islam as a way of life, advising and guiding youth and necessity of being community. The President is elected by universal suffrage, by those 15 years old and older, for a term of four years. 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POLITICAL SYSTEM From the point view of comparative national systems. The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, called the Supreme Leadership Authority officially in Iran. The Constitution defines the President as the highest state authority after the Supreme Leader. Another role of the Supreme Leader is that he has the power to appoint the twelve members of the Council of Guardians, the powerful body that oversees the activities of Parliament and determines which candidates are qualified to run for public office. Below is a brief overview of the key components of Iran's government and political system. Print. Iran Political System. A council consisting of two representatives each of the President, the head of the judiciary branch and the Islamic Consultative Assembly shall supervise the functioning of this organization. According to Iran’s Constitution, the Supreme Leader is responsible for setting the tone and direction of Iran’s domestic and foreign policies. Although Iran political structure is a republic system, it may seem different from other similar political systems. [9] The final collapse of the Pahlavi dynasty occurred shortly after on February 11 when Iran's military declared itself officially "neutral" after guerrillas and rebel troops overwhelmed forces loyal to the Shah in street fights throughout the country. According to article 91, it has 12 members, Half its members are faqihs that are chosen by the Supreme Leader and the other six members are jurists who are elected by the Islamic Consultative Assembly from among the Muslim jurists nominated-by the Chief Justice of Iran. Even though the Iranian political system operates under the framework of a theocracy, there is a relatively high level of political freedom and democracy in Iran when compared to many other nations in the Middle East such as Saudi Arabia, Israel, Egypt, and Syria. Khomeini and Khamenei are the only two men to have held the office since the founding of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979. Iran's political system intertwines republican... Iran regularly holds parliamentary elections. Iran. He previously served as Iran’s President from 1989-1997. What are the weaknesses or strengths of both Saudi Arabia and Iran as a result of their political systems? © 2021 Matthew Rose | Developed by Anar Consulting. Additionally, the current political system of Iran has survived over the past 37 years despite the odds stacked against it and has remained popular with the vast majority of Iranian citizens. Ever since he first announced his candidacy for the Republican nomination in June of 2015, US President Donald Trump has given the... One of the major debates within the American Criminal Law system is what for of punishment will do the most to deter crime and... (())Property law is the area of law that governs the various forms of ownership and tenancy in both real and personal property. 1. Iran’s legislature comprises of two houses the Islamic Consultative Assembly and the Guardian Council. Thank you for publishing this awesome article. The current President of Iran is Hassan Rouhani. [40], For public finance and fiscal policy, including budget and public debt, see, General Staff of Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Law Enforcement Force of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution, Background and causes of the Iranian Revolution, Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, "Referendum of the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran dictatorship", "The Gambia: President Adama Barrow pledges reforms", "Francis Fukuyama: Iranian constitution democratic at heart - WSJ", "A Detailed Analysis of Iran's Constitution - World Policy Institute", "Iran's possible next Supreme Leader being examined: Rafsanjani", Large scale turn out at polls in IRI March Majlis Elections, "Hassan Rouhani takes over as Iran president", "Iran election: Counting starts after high turnout", "Assembly of Experts within Iran Political Structure", "Hard-line cleric becomes speaker of Assembly of Expert", Islamic Republic of Iran Expediency Discernment Council of the System, "If ISIS attacks Baghdad, Iran will intervene militarily, says Iranian general", "The appointment of MG Bagheri as the chief of Staff of Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran", "Iran changes Revolution Guards commander: TV", http://www.csis.org/media/csis/pubs/060728_gulf_iran.pdf, "Ayatollah Khamenei appoints Iran new police chief", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Government_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran&oldid=1009442231, Articles containing Persian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 28 February 2021, at 16:39. Iran Politics. The chapter seven (article 100-106) of Iran's constitution is about these local Councils. 1. The concept of velayat-e faqih(guardianship of the jurist) plays an influential role in the governmental structure. Today, Khomeini’s teachings and precedents have evolved into a system of government that combines elements of Islamic theocracy with bits of democracy. Here are the main events that occurred in Politics this week: The system began with a series of hurried political compromises amid the country’s 1979 revolution. [19] MG Hossain Salami is the current commander of the Islamic Revolution Guard Corps. © Matt Rose and Ourpolitics.Net, 2021. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Matt Rose or Respective Authors and Ourpolitics.net with appropriate and specific direction to the original content. Introduction. 5.continuous leadership (imamah) and perpetual guidance, and its fundamental role in ensuring the uninterrupted process of the revolution of Islam; [19], According to article 114 the President of Iran is elected for a four-year term by the direct vote of the people and may not serve for more than two consecutive terms or more than 8 years. (Article 156 of Constitution)[19], Assembly of Experts or Assembly of Experts of the Leadership is a deliberative body of eighty eight (88) Mujtahids. The governemnt consists of theSupreme Leader, the executive, judicial and legislative powers. Ayatollah Khomeini would return in February of the same year after a long period of exile, greeted in the capital of Tehran by several million Iranians. [22], Articles 91-99 are about the Guardian Council.